ZHENGSHAN TECHNOLOGY

The technology of smelting nickel-iron in ore heating furnaces is an indispensable part of the current stainless steel industry, and its stability and efficiency directly affect the quality and output of nickel-iron products.In the smelting process of mineral heat furnaces, electrode paste is used as a key material for transmitting electrical energy and converting it into thermal energy. Its sintering quality is directly related to the operating efficiency and safety of the electric furnace.However, the problem of under-burning of electrode paste occurs from time to time in actual production and has become an important factor affecting the smelting effect.This article will briefly analyze the reasons for the under-burning of electrode paste in the process of smelting nickel-iron in the ore heating furnace.

Composition and properties of electrode paste

The electrode paste is mainly composed of raw materials such as anthracite, coke, asphalt and coke pulverized in a certain proportion, and its quality directly affects the sintering effect of the electrode.The fixed carbon content, ash content, volatile content and other physical and chemical indicators of the electrode paste must meet the production requirements.Among them, the fixed carbon content directly affects the conductivity and thermal stability of the electrode, while the ash and volatile content are related to the sintering performance and strength of the electrode.

The reason for the under-burning of the electrode paste

1. Unreasonable current density

The current density is one of the key factors affecting the sintering speed of the electrode.The current density is too small, and the joule heat generated inside the electrode is insufficient, resulting in insufficient sintering of the electrode paste, forming an underburned phenomenon.In addition, uneven current distribution can also cause local overheating or underburning of the electrode, affecting the overall performance of the electrode.

2. Improper electrode paste formula

The formula of the electrode paste determines its sintering performance and strength.If the binder content in the electrode paste is insufficient or the ratio is unreasonable, it will cause the electrode paste to have insufficient adhesion during the sintering process and cannot form a dense electrode structure, resulting in underburden.In addition, too much or too little oil in the electrode paste will also affect the stratification and bonding effect in the sintering process.

3. Insufficient cooling strength

The electrode needs proper cooling during the sintering process to ensure the stability of its internal structure and performance.If the cooling strength of the electrode is insufficient, the electrode paste will melt too quickly during the sintering process, resulting in stratification, and a dense structure and high-strength electrode cannot be obtained.This will cause the electrode to be prone to accidents such as fracture during subsequent use.

4. Unreasonable power supply system

The rationality of the power supply system directly affects the sintering effect of the electrode.If the power supply system is unstable or improperly adjusted, it will cause large current fluctuations, which will affect the distribution of resistance heat inside the electrode and the sintering speed of the electrode.In addition, the unreasonable power supply system may also cause internal stress inside the electrode and reduce the strength of the electrode.

5. Improper operation
In the actual production process, the skill level and operating specifications of the operators are also important factors affecting the effect of electrode sintering.If the operator is not familiar with the feeding, pressing and discharging operations of the electrode paste or the operation is not standardized, it may lead to uneven distribution of the electrode paste in the electrode shell, insufficient compaction and other problems, thereby affecting the sintering quality of the electrode.

Preventive measures

1. Reasonable adjustment of current density

According to the conditions of the electric furnace capacity and product varieties, the current density is rationally adjusted to ensure that the joule heat generated inside the electrode can meet the sintering needs.At the same time, check the current distribution regularly to ensure that the current distribution is uniform.

2. Optimize electrode paste formula

According to production needs and raw material characteristics, optimize the formula of electrode paste to ensure that the binder content and ratio are reasonable.At the same time, strengthen the quality inspection and control of electrode paste to ensure that the physical and chemical indicators of electrode paste meet the production requirements.

3. Strengthen cooling strength

Optimize the cooling system of the electrode to ensure that the electrode can be sufficiently cooled during the sintering process.At the same time, regularly check the working status of the cooling equipment to ensure that the cooling effect is good.

4. Improve the power supply system

Formulate a scientific and reasonable power supply system to ensure stable and reliable power supply.At the same time, strengthen the maintenance and overhaul of power supply equipment to reduce the occurrence of power supply failures.

5. Improve the level of operation

Strengthen the training and management of operators, and improve the skill level and awareness of operating norms of operators.At the same time, establish perfect operating procedures and operating instructions to ensure that operators can operate in accordance with the specifications.

Underburning of electrode paste is one of the common problems in the process of smelting nickel-iron in ore heating furnaces. The reasons for its occurrence involve many aspects such as current density, electrode paste formula, cooling strength, power supply system and operating level.In order to reduce the probability of under-burning of electrode paste, comprehensive preventive measures need to be taken, including reasonable adjustment of current density, optimization of electrode paste formula, strengthening cooling strength, improving power supply system and improving operation level.Only in this way can the sintering quality of the electrode be ensured to meet the production needs and the stability and efficiency of nickel-iron smelting in the ore heat furnace be improved.