The basic principle and application of self-baking electrode paste
Self-baking electrode paste, also known as self-baking electrode or electrode paste, is an indispensable and important conductive material in electric furnace equipment such as mine heating furnaces.It is mainly made from a mixture of various raw materials such as anthracite, coke, asphalt and tar, and the sintering process is completed in the high temperature environment of an electric furnace to form an electrode with certain strength and electrical conductivity.This article will elaborate on the basic principles, preparation process and application of self-baking electrode paste in detail.
Basic principle
Raw material composition
The main raw materials of self-baking electrode paste include anthracite, coke, asphalt and tar.Among them, anthracite and coke are the main carbon materials, which provide the basic skeleton and electrical conductivity of the electrode; asphalt and tar are used as binders to tightly combine the particles of the raw materials to form a solid electrode body.
Preparation process
Raw material preparation: The anthracite coal is broken to a certain particle size (usually less than 20mm), the coke is ground into a powder, and mixed in a certain proportion.At the same time, the asphalt and tar are heated to a molten state and used as a binder.
Mixing and forming: Add the prepared raw materials and binder to the kneader according to the ratio and mix thoroughly.During the mixing process, the kneading temperature should be more than 70℃ higher than the softening point of the binder to ensure that the raw material and the binder can be fully combined.After mixing evenly, load the electrode paste into the electrode shell that has been installed on the electric furnace.
Sintering process: With the operation of the electric furnace, the electrode paste in the electrode shell is gradually heated, it begins to soften, melt and gradually sinter into shape.In this process, the volatile components in the electrode paste gradually escape, and the electrode body completes the liquefaction-curing-sintering conversion process.In order to improve the sintering speed, a small amount of graphitized metallurgical coke, crushed graphite or natural graphite can be added to the ingredients to enhance the thermal conductivity of the electrode.
application
Application in mine heating furnace
Self-baking electrode pastes are particularly widely used in mine heating furnaces.A mine heat furnace is a kind of equipment that uses an electric arc to generate high temperature for smelting. The electrode plays a vital role as the carrier of current input into the furnace.Under the high temperature environment of the electric furnace, the self-baking electrode paste forms a solid electrode body through its own sintering process, which provides a stable current input for the electric furnace and ensures the smooth progress of the smelting process.
Improve smelting efficiency
Because the self-baking electrode paste has high electrical conductivity and mechanical strength, it can withstand the high temperature environment in the electric furnace and the impact of the arc, reduce the power failure and maintenance time caused by the electrode breaking or falling off, thereby improving the smelting efficiency.At the same time, the continuous use of electrodes and the characteristics of long connection while using also reduce the frequency and cost of electrode replacement.
Energy saving and emission reduction
In the preparation and application process of self-baking electrode paste, through reasonable raw material ratio and sintering process, the resistivity of the electrode can be reduced and the loss of electrical energy can be reduced.In addition, the continuous use and stable performance of the electrodes also help reduce the waste of electrical energy and environmental pollution caused by electrode problems.
